Initial commit

.cargo/config.toml

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+[unstable]
+bindeps = true

.envrc

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+use_nix

.gitignore

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+/target

Cargo.toml

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+[package]
+name = "os"
+version = "0.1.0"
+
+[build-dependencies]
+bootloader = "0.11"
+kernel = { path = "kernel", artifact = "bin", target = "x86_64-unknown-none" }
+
+[dependencies]
+# used for UEFI booting in QEMU
+ovmf-prebuilt = "0.1.0-alpha.1"
+
+[workspace]
+members = ["kernel"]

OST OS/info.txt

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+https://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/~exr/lectures/opsys/10_11/lectures/os-dev.pdf
+CURRENT PAGE: 46
+
+
+Name:
+Obsidian Starlight OS
+
+
+Compile Assembly:
+cd "\Users\05wse01\Desktop\OST OS" 
+C:\Users\05wse01\AppData\Local\bin\NASM\nasm.exe boot_sect.asm -f bin -o boot_sect.bin
+
+NOTE: The boot_sect.bin date wont change in the process... To clear out some confusions
+
+
+Create VirtualBox disk:
+Open admin cmd
+cd "\Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox"
+VBoxManage.exe convertfromraw "C:\Users\05wse01\Desktop\OST OS\target" "C:\Users\05wse01\Desktop\OST OS\output.vdi" --format VDI
+
+NOTE: Target has to be larger than 1mb (check file size in explorer)
+AND: The file has to be a multiply of 512
+AND: You need to set the the file as an available virtual disk in the VirtualBox interface (how?.. IDK)
+
+
+Qemu emulator:
+cd "C:\Program Files\qemu"
+qemu-system-x86_64w.exe "C:\Users\05wse01\Desktop\OST OS\boot_sect.bin"
+
+
+Compile C:
+gcc -ffreestanding -c basic.c -o basic.o
+ld -o basic.bin -Ttext 0x0 --oformat binary basic.o
+ndisasm -b 32 basic.bin > basic.dis
+Clean out rows with:
+0000              add [eax],al

OST OS/kernel/basic.c

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+int my_function () {
+int my_var = 0xbaba ;
+return my_var ;
+}

OST OS/old/temp.asm

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+[ org 0x7c00 ]
+
+mov ebx, RANDOM_MSG,
+call printLn
+
+mov dx, 0x1fb6 ; store the value to print in dx
+call print_hex ; call the function
+
+%include "./print/print.asm"
+%include "./print/print_hex.asm"
+
+RANDOM_MSG: db 'Will this work?',0
+
+times 510-($-$$) db 0 ; Pad the boot sector out with zeros
+dw 0xaa55

OST OS/os/boot_sect_16.asm

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+[ org 0x7c00 ] ; Tells the assemble to start inside the boot location
+
+mov [BOOT_DRIVE], dl
+
+
+mov bp, 0x8000
+mov sp, bp
+
+mov ebx, BOOTING_MSG
+mov edx, 2
+call print
+
+mov bx, 0x9000
+mov dh, 5
+mov dl, [BOOT_DRIVE]
+call disk_load
+
+mov dx, [0x9000]
+call print_hex
+
+mov dx, [0x9000 + 512]
+call print_hex
+
+jmp $
+
+; Imports print
+%include "./x16/print/print.asm"
+%include "./x16/print/print_hex.asm"
+%include "./x16/disk/disk_load.asm"
+
+BOOT_DRIVE: db 0
+
+BOOTING_MSG: db 'Booting Obsidian Starlight OS (OST OS)',0
+RANDOM_MSG: db 'Ya like jazz?',0
+
+times 510-($-$$) db 0 ; Pad the boot sector out with zeros
+dw 0xaa55
+
+times 256 dw 0xdada
+times 256 dw 0xface
+
+times 2097152 db 0 ; Only for VirtualBox

OST OS/os/boot_sect_32.asm

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+[org 0x7c00]
+
+mov bp, 0x9000
+mov sp, bp
+
+mov bx, MSG_REAL_MODE
+call writeLn
+
+call switch_to_pm
+
+jmp $
+
+%include "./x16/print/print.asm"
+%include "./x32/init/gdt.asm"
+%include "./x32/print/print_string_pm.asm"
+%include "./x32/init/switch_to_pm.asm"
+
+[bits 32]
+
+BEGIN_PM:
+    mov ebx, MSG_PROT_MODE
+    call print_string_pm
+
+    jmp $
+
+
+MSG_REAL_MODE: db "Starting OST OS in 16-bit Real Mode", 0
+MSG_PROT_MODE: db "Successfully landed Obsidian Starlight in 32-bit Protected Mode", 0
+
+times 510-($-$$) db 0
+dw 0xaa55
+
+;times 2097152 db 0 ; Only for VirtualBox

OST OS/os/x16/disk/disk_load.asm

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+disk_load:
+    push dx
+    
+    mov ah, 0x02
+    mov al, dh
+    mov ch, 0x00
+    mov dh, 0x00
+    mov cl, 0x02
+
+    int 0x13
+
+    jc disk_error
+
+    pop dx
+    cmp dh, al
+    jne disk_error
+    ret
+
+disk_error:
+    mov ebx, DISK_ERROR_MSG
+    call writeLn
+    jmp $
+
+DISK_ERROR_MSG: db "Disk read error!", 0

OST OS/os/x16/print/print.asm

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+[ org 0x7c00 ]
+
+write:
+    mov edx, 0
+    jmp print
+
+writeLn:
+    mov edx, 1
+
+print:
+    mov ah, 0x0e
+
+print_loop:
+    mov al, [ ebx ]
+    cmp al, 0
+    je finish
+    int 0x10
+    add ebx, 0x01
+    call print_loop
+
+finish:
+    cmp edx, 0
+    jle end
+
+new_line:
+    mov al, 13
+    int 0x10
+    mov al, 10
+    int 0x10
+    dec edx
+
+end:
+    ret

OST OS/os/x16/print/print_hex.asm

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+print_hex:
+    mov cx, 4
+    mov di, HEX_OUT + 6
+
+convert_loop:
+    mov ax, dx
+    and ax, 0x000F
+
+    add al, '0'
+    cmp al, '9'
+    jbe not_hex_letter
+    add al, 7
+
+not_hex_letter:
+    dec di
+    mov [di], al
+
+    shr dx, 4
+    loop convert_loop
+
+    mov bx, HEX_OUT
+    call writeLn
+    ret
+
+HEX_OUT: db '0x0000', 0

OST OS/os/x32/init/gdt.asm

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+; GDT
+gdt_start:
+
+gdt_null:
+    dd 0x0
+    dd 0x0
+
+gdt_code:
+    dw 0xffff
+    dw 0x0
+    db 0x0
+    db 10011010b
+    db 11001111b
+    db 0x0
+
+gdt_data:
+    dw 0xffff
+    dw 0x0
+    db 0x0
+    db 10010010b
+    db 11001111b
+    db 0x0
+
+gdt_end:
+
+
+gdt_descriptor:
+    dw gdt_end - gdt_start - 1
+
+    dd gdt_start
+
+
+CODE_SEG equ gdt_code - gdt_start
+DATA_SEG equ gdt_data - gdt_start

OST OS/os/x32/init/switch_to_pm.asm

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+[bits 16]
+
+switch_to_pm:
+    cli
+
+    lgdt [gdt_descriptor]
+
+    mov eax, cr0
+    or eax, 0x1
+    mov cr0, eax
+
+    jmp CODE_SEG:init_pm
+
+[bits 32]
+init_pm:
+    mov ax, DATA_SEG
+    mov ds, ax
+    mov ss, ax
+    mov es, ax
+    mov fs, ax
+    mov gs, ax
+
+    mov ebp, 0x90000
+    mov esp, ebp
+
+    call BEGIN_PM

OST OS/os/x32/print/print_string_pm.asm

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+[bits 32]
+; Define some constants
+VIDEO_MEMORY equ 0xb8000
+WHITE_ON_BLACK equ 0x0f
+
+; prints a null - terminated string pointed to by EDX
+print_string_pm:
+    pusha
+    mov edx, VIDEO_MEMORY ; Set edx to the start of vid mem.
+
+print_string_pm_loop:
+    mov al, [ ebx ] ; Store the char at EBX in AL
+    mov ah, WHITE_ON_BLACK ; Store the attributes in AH
+    cmp al, 0 ; if ( al == 0) , at end of string , so
+    je print_string_pm_done ; jump to done
+    mov [ edx ], ax ; Store char and attributes at current
+    ; character cell.
+    add ebx, 1 ; Increment EBX to the next char in string.
+    add edx, 2 ; Move to next character cell in vid mem.
+    jmp print_string_pm_loop ; loop around to print the next char.
+
+print_string_pm_done:
+    popa
+    ret ; Return from the function

build.rs

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+use std::path::PathBuf;
+
+fn main() {
+    // set by cargo, build scripts should use this directory for output files
+    let out_dir = PathBuf::from(std::env::var_os("OUT_DIR").unwrap());
+    // set by cargo's artifact dependency feature, see
+    // https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/cargo/reference/unstable.html#artifact-dependencies
+    let kernel = PathBuf::from(std::env::var_os("CARGO_BIN_FILE_KERNEL_kernel").unwrap());
+
+    // create an UEFI disk image (optional)
+    let uefi_path = out_dir.join("uefi.img");
+    bootloader::UefiBoot::new(&kernel).create_disk_image(&uefi_path).unwrap();
+
+    // create a BIOS disk image
+    let bios_path = out_dir.join("bios.img");
+    bootloader::BiosBoot::new(&kernel).create_disk_image(&bios_path).unwrap();
+
+    // pass the disk image paths as env variables to the `main.rs`
+    println!("cargo:rustc-env=UEFI_PATH={}", uefi_path.display());
+    println!("cargo:rustc-env=BIOS_PATH={}", bios_path.display());
+}

kernel/Cargo.lock

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+# This file is automatically @generated by Cargo.
+# It is not intended for manual editing.
+version = 3
+
+[[package]]
+name = "bootloader_api"
+version = "0.11.7"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "a35ba5100c2431e20b924c8103c2cf8adb919ed9880f625e8770c3cb9d1b06aa"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "geos"
+version = "0.1.0"
+dependencies = [
+ "bootloader_api",
+]

kernel/Cargo.toml

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+[package]
+name = "kernel"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2021"
+
+# See more keys and their definitions at https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/manifest.html
+
+[dependencies]
+bootloader_api = "0.11.7"
+
+[profile.dev]
+panic = "abort"
+
+[profile.release]
+panic = "abort"

kernel/src/main.rs

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+#![no_std]
+#![no_main]
+
+use core::panic::PanicInfo;
+
+static HELLO: &[u8] = b"Hello World!";
+
+bootloader_api::entry_point!(kernel_main);
+fn kernel_main(boot_info: &'static mut bootloader_api::BootInfo) -> ! {
+    let vga_buffer = 0xb8000 as *mut u8;
+
+    for (i, &byte) in HELLO.iter().enumerate() {
+        unsafe {
+            *vga_buffer.offset(i as isize * 2) = byte;
+            *vga_buffer.offset(i as isize * 2 + 1) = 0xb;
+        }
+    }
+
+    loop {}
+}
+
+#[panic_handler]
+fn handler(_info: &PanicInfo) -> ! {
+    loop {}
+}
+

rust-toolchain

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+nightly

shell.nix

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+{ pkgs ? import <nixpkgs> {} }:
+pkgs.mkShell rec {
+	buildInputs = with pkgs; [
+      clang
+      llvmPackages_17.bintools
+      rustup
+	  qemu
+    ];
+    RUSTC_VERSION = pkgs.lib.readFile ./rust-toolchain;
+    # https://github.com/rust-lang/rust-bindgen#environment-variables
+    LIBCLANG_PATH = pkgs.lib.makeLibraryPath [ pkgs.llvmPackages_latest.libclang.lib ];
+	shellHook = ''
+	  rustup component add llvm-tools-preview
+	  rustup component add rust-analyzer
+	  rustup target add x86_64-unknown-none
+      export PATH=$PATH:''${CARGO_HOME:-~/.cargo}/bin
+      export PATH=$PATH:''${RUSTUP_HOME:-~/.rustup}/toolchains/$RUSTC_VERSION-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/bin/
+      '';
+    # Add precompiled library to rustc search path
+    RUSTFLAGS = (builtins.map (a: ''-L ${a}/lib'') [
+      # add libraries here (e.g. pkgs.libvmi)
+    ]);
+    # Add glibc, clang, glib, and other headers to bindgen search path
+    BINDGEN_EXTRA_CLANG_ARGS = 
+    # Includes normal include path
+    (builtins.map (a: ''-I"${a}/include"'') [
+      # add dev libraries here (e.g. pkgs.libvmi.dev)
+      pkgs.glibc.dev 
+    ])
+    # Includes with special directory paths
+    ++ [
+      ''-I"${pkgs.llvmPackages_latest.libclang.lib}/lib/clang/${pkgs.llvmPackages_latest.libclang.version}/include"''
+      ''-I"${pkgs.glib.dev}/include/glib-2.0"''
+      ''-I${pkgs.glib.out}/lib/glib-2.0/include/''
+    ];
+}

src/main.rs

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+fn main() {
+    // read env variables that were set in build script
+    let uefi_path = env!("UEFI_PATH");
+    let bios_path = env!("BIOS_PATH");
+    
+    // choose whether to start the UEFI or BIOS image
+    let uefi = false;
+
+    println!("{}", bios_path);
+
+    let mut cmd = std::process::Command::new("qemu-system-x86_64");
+    if uefi {
+        cmd.arg("-bios").arg(ovmf_prebuilt::ovmf_pure_efi());
+        cmd.arg("-drive").arg(format!("format=raw,file={uefi_path}"));
+    } else {
+        cmd.arg("-drive").arg(format!("format=raw,file={bios_path}"));
+    }
+    let mut child = cmd.spawn().unwrap();
+    child.wait().unwrap();
+}